Thorium atomic mass oxidation number valence density boiling point melting point physical chemical properties the structure of the conductivity the conductivity of the crystal lattice

Actinium, the properties of atoms, chemical and physical properties.

 

 

 

Th 90 Thorium

232,03806(2) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p6 6d2 7s2

 

Thorium element periodic system of chemical elements D. I. Mendeleev, with atomic number 90. Located in the 3rd group (old classification — side subgroup of the third group), the seventh period of the periodic system. Belongs to the group of actinides.

 

General information

Properties of an atom

Chemical properties

Physical properties

Table of chemical elements of D. I. Mendeleev

 

General information

 
Name Thorium/ Thorium
Symbol Th
Room at the table 90
Type Metal
Open Th. Berzelius, Sweden, 1828
Appearance, etc. Grey, soft, malleable, ductile, slightly radioactive metal
The contents in the earth’s crust About 0.0006 %
The contents in the ocean A 4.0×10-12 %

Properties of an atom

 
The atomic mass (molar mass) 232,03806(2) and. E. M. (g/mol)
Electronic configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p6 6d2 7s2
The radius of the atom 180 PM

Chemical properties

 
Oxidation +4
Valence +4
Covalent radius 165 PM
The radius of the ion (+4e) PM 102
Radius van der Waals
Electronegativity Of 1.3 (scale Pauling)
Energy of ionization (the first electron) 670,4 kJ/mol (of 6.95 eV)
Electrode potential

Physical properties

Density (under normal conditions) 11,78 g/cm3
Melting point 1750 °C (2023 K)
Boiling point 4788 °C (5061 K)
UD. the heat of fusion Of 16.11 kJ/mol
UD. heat of evaporation 513,7 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity 26,23 j/(K·mol)
Molar volume Of 19.8 cm3/mol
The thermal conductivity (at 300 K) 54.0 W/(m·K)
The electrical conductivity in the solid phase 6. 7×106 Cm/m
Superconductivity at a temperature of
Hardness 3 on the Mohs scale, 350 MPa Vickers
The lattice structure face-centered cubic
The lattice parameters 5,080 Å
Debye Temperature 100 To

 

Table of chemical elements of D. I. Mendeleev