Sodium oxide, characteristics, properties and production, chemical reactions
Sodium oxide, characteristics, properties and production, and chemical reactions.
Sodium oxide is an inorganic substance and has a chemical formula of Na2O.
Brief description of sodium oxide
Physical properties of sodium oxide
Chemical properties of sodium oxide
Chemical reaction of sodium oxide
The application and use of sodium oxide
Brief description of sodium oxide:
Sodium oxide is an inorganic substance and a colorless or white color.
Since the valence of sodium is equal to one, then the sodium oxide contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of sodium.
The chemical formula of sodium oxide Na2O.
Insoluble in water and reacts with it.
Physical properties of sodium oxide:
| Parameter name: | Value: |
| Chemical formula | Na2O |
| Synonyms and foreign language names | sodium oxide (eng.)
sodium oxide (Rus.) |
| The type of substance. | inorganic |
| Appearance | colorless (sometimes white) cubic crystals |
| Color | colorless, sometimes white |
| Taste | —* |
| The smell | — |
| Aggregate state (at 20 °C and atmospheric pressure of 1 ATM.) | solid |
| Density (state of matter – solid, at 20 °C), kg/m3 | 2270 |
| Density (state of matter – solid, at 20 °C) g/cm3 | 2,27 |
| Boiling point, °C | 1950 |
| Melting point, °C | 1132 |
| Sublimation temperature (sublimation), °C | 1275 |
| Decomposition temperature, °C | 1132 |
| Molar mass, g/mol | 61,979 |
* Note:
— no data.
Obtaining sodium oxide:
Sodium oxide is obtained by the following chemical reactions:
1. of sodium peroxide:
The reaction of sodium with oxygen, a mixture consisting of 20 % of sodium oxide and 80% sodium peroxide.
6Na + 2О2 → Na2О2 + 2Na2О.
Then sodium peroxide is enriched with sodium.
Na2О2 + 2Na → 2Na2О.
2. by heating the nitrate (nitrite) sodium with sodium metal:
2NaNО3 + 10Na → 6Na2О + N2;
2NaNO2 + 6Na → 4Na2O + N2.
3. by interaction of sodium hydroxide with metallic sodium:
2NaOH + 2Na → 2Na2O + H2.
4. by calcination of sodium carbonate:
2Na2СO3 → Na2O + CO2 (t = 851 oC).
Chemical properties of sodium oxide. Chemical reaction of sodium oxide:
Chemically active substance.
Chemical properties of sodium oxide are similar to the properties of oxides of other alkaline metals. So it is characterized by the following chemical reactions:
1. the reaction of sodium oxide with oxygen:
2Na2O + O2 → 2Na2O2 (t = 250-350 oC, p).
The reaction forms sodium peroxide.
2. the reaction of sodium oxide with water:
Na2O + H2O → 2NaОН.
Sodium oxide reacts violently with water, forming sodium hydroxide.
3. the reaction of sodium oxide with carbon dioxide (carbonic acid gas):
Na2O + CO2 → Na2CO3 (t = 450-550°C).
Sodium oxide reacts with carbon dioxide (which is acidic oxide), forming a salt with carbonate of sodium.
4. the reaction of sodium oxide with sulfur dioxide:
Na2O + SO2 → Na2SО3;
Na2O + ЅО3 → Na2SО4.
Oxide of sulphur is also acidic oxide. The reaction produced a salt, respectively – in the first case, sodium sulfite, in the latter case, sodium sulfate.
5. the reaction of sodium oxide with silicon oxide:
Na2O + SiO2 → Na2SiО3 (t o).
The oxide of silicon is also acidic oxide. In the reaction, the formed salt is sodium silicate.
6. the reaction of sodium oxide with oxide of phosphorus:
3Na2O + P2O5 → 2Na3PO4.
Oxide of phosphorus is also acidic oxide. In the reaction, the formed salt is sodium orthophosphate.
Similar are the reactions of sodium oxide and other acidic oxides.
7. the reaction of sodium oxide with aluminum oxide:
Na2O + Al2O3 → 2NaAlО2 (t = 2000 °C).
The oxide of aluminum is amphoteric oxide. This means that as amphoteric oxide an oxide of aluminum exhibits properties of both acidic and basic compounds. In the reaction, the formed salt is sodium aluminate.
Similar are the reactions of sodium oxide with other amphoteric oxides.
8. the reaction of sodium oxide with oxide of copper:
Na2O + CuO → 2Na2CuО2 (t = 800-1000 °C, O2).
The reaction produced a salt – sodium cuprate.
9. the reaction of sodium oxide with oxide of iron:
5Na2О + Fe2O3 → 2Na5FeО4 (t = 450-500 °C).
The reaction produced a salt ferrate sodium.
10. the reaction of sodium oxide with oxide of lead:
Na2O + PbO → 2Na2PbО2 (t o).
The reaction produced a salt – plumbite sodium.
Similar are the reactions of sodium oxide with other oxides.
11. the reaction of sodium oxide with the oxide of nitrogen (II) oxide nitrogen (IV):
Na2O + NO + NO2 → NaNO3 + 2NaNO2 (t = 250 °C).
In the reaction, the formed salt is sodium nitrite.
12. the reaction of sodium oxide with hydrofluoric acid:
Na2O + 2HF → 2NaF + H2O.
As a result of chemical reactions obtained salt – sodium fluoride and water.
13. the reaction of sodium oxide with nitric acid:
Na2O + 2HNO3 → 2NaNO3 + H2O.
As a result of chemical reaction it turns out salt is sodium nitrate and water.
Similar are the reactions of sodium oxide with other acids.
14. the reaction of sodium oxide hydrogen bromide (bromoderma):
Na2O + 2HBr → 2NaBr + H2O.
As a result of chemical reactions obtained salt – sodium bromide and water.
15. the reaction of sodium oxide with yodovidona:
Na2O + 2HI → 2NaI + H2O.
As a result of chemical reactions obtained salt – sodium iodide and water.
16. the reaction of sodium oxide with liquid ammonia:
Na2O + NH3 → Paon + NaNH2 (t = -50 oC).
As a result of chemical reaction is obtained the sodium hydroxide and sodium amide.
17. the reaction of thermal decomposition of sodium oxide:
2Na2O → Na2O2 + 2Na (t > 700 oC).
Sodium oxide by thermal decomposition is decomposed into sodium peroxide and sodium.
The application and use of sodium oxide:
Sodium oxide is used as reagent for various syntheses, for the preparation of sodium hydroxide and other substances.
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