Shale oil, feature, extraction.
Shale oil is a natural minerals that are “unconventional” oil. Shale oil is more than 10 times greater than conventional reserves of oil.
Description and types of shale oil
Other fuels: biodiesel, biofuels, gas oil, oil shale, naphtha, fuel oil, oil, associated petroleum gas, natural gas, landfill gas, shale oil, shale gas, synthesis gas
Brief characteristics and types of oil shale:
Shale oil is a natural minerals that are “unconventional” oil. Shale oil as a “classic” oil was formed from various organic residues, under the influence of certain geological factors.
Shale oil involves two kinds of oil:
– “light tight oil” (LTO) or “tight oil” – light oil reservoirs, the variation of light oilin reservoirs with low permeability and high density, such as shales, tight sandstones, limestones,
– “shale oil” is the oil obtained from kerogen contained in oil shale. Kerogen is a “protonet”, breed-precursor, a substance which has not become oil in the process of becoming. In fact, kerogen is a substance that turns into a conventional oil. When heated, kerogen from it stands the oil and natural gas. The term “shale oil” is used to refer to the actual shale oil.
Both shale oil differ from each other both in composition and recovery technologies.
Experts estimate the world’s reserves of oil shale amount to about 650 trillion tons, of which we can extract about 26 trillion tons of shale oil. It is the number of shale oil more than 10 times the reserves of conventional oil. This energy, enough for 300 years of continuous production.
Shale oil production:
For the extraction of “tight oil” is used the technology of hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling with multiple multitudes. Into the well under high pressure is injected special “fluid gap” that leads to the destruction of the shale formation and the leaching of materials from the formed cracks.
Extraction of “shale oil” is conducted in two ways.
In the first case, the oil is extracted the breed is originally mine or open way up. She subsequently subjected to heat treatment, during which it is isolated from petroleum fractions, and shale gas. Shale when heated without access of air formed liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons, which account for 20-70 % of the original mass.
In the second case, the technology of hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling with multiple multitool, but extraction of oil is due to thermal or chemical heating of the formations.
Oilfield low permeability reservoirs and shale oil are diverse and vary greatly in the parameters of the production even at a short distance, including from different horizontal wells.
Other types of fuel:
– biodiesel,
– biofuels,
– gas oil,
– oil shale,
– naphtha,
– fuel oil,
– oil,
– associated petroleum gas,
– natural gas,
– landfill gas,
– shale oil,
– shale gas,
– synthesis gas.
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