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Desalination of sea water.
Seawater desalination with the use of cheap hydrogen energy ensures fresh water at low cost.
The salinity and composition of sea water
Description:
Due to the high salt content, seawater is unfit for drinking. Desalination of sea water allows you to make seawater suitable for drinking and for use it for other purposes.
Desalination of sea water traditionally takes place by distillation. In addition, for desalination of sea water commonly used thermal power power plant in which fossil fuel is subjected to combustion in the low temperature mode, and steam power installation, in which condensing the heated vapor of fresh water. This method of producing fresh water is expensive.
Low-cost is a method of obtaining fresh water with the use of cheap hydrogen energy, providing the high temperature combustion of the fuel mixture. It will ensure obtaining fresh water at low cost.
The salinity and composition of sea water:
The saltiness of the ocean is an average of 3.47 %, varying from 3.4 to 3.6 percent.
However, in the sea water is unevenly distributed salinity. The least salty water of the Gulf of Finland and the Northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia, belonging to the Baltic sea. The most saline water of the red sea and the Eastern part of the Mediterranean sea. Salt lakes like the Dead sea, can have a significantly larger level of salt concentration.
In sea water dissolved all of the chemical elements of the periodic table, but some of them are in very small quantities that they are difficult to detect, others not large.
Most marine species contains chlorine -1,9 %, sodium 1.6 %, and magnesium 0,13 %, sulfur – 0,338 %, calcium – 0.04 percent. They represent the main ions of the substances contained in the water in the greatest quantity. In sea water they are not in pure form but in the form of compounds (salts). The main ones are: chlorides (NаСI, МдСІ2), sulfates (МдЅО4, СаЅО4, К2ЅО4), carbonates (CaCO3) – of 0.3 %. They cause a bitter and salty taste of sea water.
In addition to the main ions in seawater also contains dissolved gases, nutrients, microelements and organic substances.