Reactive power in electrical networks and methods of its compensation

Raktivna power, the benefits of its compensation.

 

 

Reactive power is a parasitic capacity, leading to losses of heat and radiation into electrical networks. Due to the introduction of automatic condenser and throttle settings can reduce energy consumption up to 40%.

 

Reactive power in electric networks

Methods of reactive power compensation

Advantages of automatic installations of reactive power compensation

 


Reactive power in electric networks:

The concept of electric power describes the rate at which is generated, transmitted or consumed electricity for a certain period. With her size increasing and the work done by the electrical installation.

Apparent power (S) in AC circuits has an active (P) and reactive (Q) component. The first (useful) current is made effective work, the second (spurious) – does nothing, but heats the wire and radiated into the surrounding space.

The formula of interconnection capacity can be represented in the form of a triangle capacity:

S2 = P2 + Q2

Where S is measured in Volt-amps (VA), P in Watts (W) and Q is in Volt amperes reactive (var).

For operation and synchronization of generator units, generating and transmitting the current line uses reactive loads (coils or capacitors). But they shift the phase of the current ahead of the curve or lagging behind the voltage. Do the same reactive load at the enterprises-consumers of electricity. The angle between the phases is taken as a cosine Phi (cos φ = P/S) and measured using the phase meter. As a result, the reactive component of power that give rise to the electromagnetic fields that support the functionality of the equipment. Aboutat the same helps and overload of electrical substations, increasing the cross sections of transmission lines, lower voltage network, as all networks act in a full capacity without taking into account that the reactive component does not perform any useful work.

Raktivna power can and should be compensated, whereby novyis declared as the efficiency of the networks and improveddischarges , the quality of the transported energy.

 

Methods of payment two types of reactive power:

Inductivend loada (phase advance of the current relative to voltage) to kompenserais capacitors or synchronous motors.

Emcost ofthe second load (the phase lag of the current relative to voltage) to kompenserais the chokes or reactors.

Fully align the phase between current and voltage is impossible, but, even raising cos φ with the usual 0,5-0,6 to 0,95-0,97, it is possible to achieve an economic effect in 45-50%.

 

Advantages of automatic installations of reactive power compensation:

Due inthe bowelsof the notification automaticallyx condenserx butterflyx installOK on design and retrofit facilities to achieve the following results:

– reducethe voltage levelof AES energy consumption up to 40%,

reducethe message loadand on power transformers, which affects the durability of their operation,

– reducethe message loadand on the cable wire that allows to use wires with a smaller cross-section,

remove unnecessary interferences and harmonics in supply networks, to improve the quality of the transported them electricity

withthe cost of compensating equipment and its installation can be recouped within six months of the year, and use the resulting benefits can be several decades.

 

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