Hexane, properties, chemical reactions
Hexane, properties, and chemical reactions.
Hexane, C6H14 – organic substance class alkanes. In nature, found in natural gas extracted from gas and gas condensate fields in oil and gas, in oil.
Hexane, formula, specifications, characteristics
The application and use of hexane
Hexane formula, features:
Hexane is an organic substance class alkanes, consisting of six carbon atoms and fourteen hydrogen atoms.
Chemical formula of hexane C6H14. Has five isomers: n-hexane, 2-methylpentane (isohexane), 3-methylpentane, 2,3-they (diisopropyl) and 2,2-they (neohexane). Isomers of hexane differ in their physical properties.
Formula n-hexane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3, 2 methylpentane (of isohexane) CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3, 3 methylpentane CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3, 2,3 they (diisopropyl) CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH3 and 2.2 they (neohexane) CH3C(CH3)2CH2CH3.
The structure of the molecule of n-hexane:
The structure of the molecule 2-methylpentane (of isohexane):
The structure of the molecule 3-methylpentane:
The structure of the molecule 2,3 they (diisopropyl):
The structure of the molecule of 2.2 they (neohexane):
All isomers of hexane is a colorless liquid with a weak odor, which is reminiscent of dichloroethane.
In nature, found in natural gasextracted from gas and gas condensate fields in oil and gas, in oil (in significant quantities). Also contained in shale oil, shale gas.
Flammable and explosive.
Slightly soluble in water. Soluble in organic substances (acetone, benzene, chloroform, diethyl ether, etc.).
Toxic. Hexane has a strong narcotic effect. The fourth class of danger.
Physical properties of hexane:
| Parameter name: | Value: |
| Color | without color |
| The smell | a faint odor that reminds dichloroethane |
| Aggregate state (at 20 °C and atmospheric pressure of 1 ATM.) | liquid |
| The density of n-hexane (at 20 °C and atmospheric pressure of 1 ATM.) kg/m3 | 654,8 |
| The density of n-hexane (at 0 °C and atmospheric pressure of 1 ATM.) kg/m3 | 677,4 |
| The melting point of n-hexane, °C | -95,3 |
| The melting point of 2-methylpentane (of isohexane), °C | -153,7 |
| The melting point of 3-methylpentane, °C | -118 |
| The melting point of 2.3 they (diisopropyl), °C | -128,5 |
| The melting temperature of 2.2 they (neohexane), °C | -99,9 |
| The boiling point of n-hexane, °C | 68,7 |
| The boiling point of 2-methylpentane (of isohexane), °C | 60,3 |
| Boiling point of 3-methylpentane, °C | 63,3 |
| The boiling point of 2,3 they (diisopropyl), °C | 58 |
| The boiling point of 2.2 they (neohexane), °C | 49,73 |
| The ignition temperature of n-hexane, °C | 233 |
| The flash point of n-hexane, °C | -23 |
| Critical temperature of n-hexane, °C | 234,7 |
| The critical pressure of n-hexane, MPa | 3,032 |
| Explosive concentration of gas mixture n-hexane with air, % by volume | from of 1.24 to 7.5 |
| Specific heat of combustion of n-hexane, MJ/kg | 45,105 |
| Molar mass, g/mol | 86,17848 |
Chemical properties of hexane:
Chemical properties of hexane are similar to properties of other representatives of a number of alkanes. So it is characterized by the same chemical reaction.
Cm. Chemical properties of butane.
The application and use of hexane:
– included in the composition of the gasoline
– when the extraction of vegetable oils
– part adhesives,
as an organic solvent,
– as raw material for the production of benzene.
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