Heptane, properties, chemical reactions

Heptane, properties, and chemical reactions.

 

 

Heptane, C7H16 – organic substance class alkanes. In nature, found in natural gas extracted from gas and gas condensate fields in oil and gas, in oil.

 

Heptane, formula, specifications, characteristics

Physical properties of heptane

Physical properties of isomers of heptane

Chemical properties of heptane

The application and use of heptane

 

Heptane, formula, features:

The heptane – organic substance class alkanes, consisting of seven carbon atoms and sixteen hydrogen atoms.

The chemical formula of heptane C7H16. Has eleven isomers, including two optical isomers: n-heptane (normal heptane), 2-methylhexan, 3-methylhexan, 2,2-dimethylpentane, 2,3-dimethylpentane, 2,4-dimethylpentane, 3,3-dimethylpentane, 3-ethylpentane, 2,2,3-trimethylbutane.

Formula:

– n-heptane H3C-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3,

– 2-methylhexane H3C-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3,

– 3-methylhexane H3C-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH3,

– 2,2-dimethylpentane of (H3C)3-C-CH2-CH2-CH3,

– 2,3-dimethylpentane of (H3C)2-CH-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3,

– 2,4-dimethylpentane (H3C)2-CH-CH2-CH-(CH3)2,

– 3,3-dimethylpentane of H3C-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-CH3,

– 3-ethylpentane H3C-CH2-CH(CH2CH3)-CH2-CH3,

– 2,2,3-of trimethylbutane (H3C)3-C-CH(CH3)-CH3.

3-methylhexane and 2,3-dimethylpentane have right and left optical isomers.

The structure of the molecule n-heptane:

All isomers heptane is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor.

In nature, found in natural gasextracted from gas and gas condensate fields in oil and gasin oil. Also contained in shale oil, shale gas.

Flammable and explosive.

Not soluble in water. Soluble in organic substances (acetone, benzene, chloroform, diethyl ether, etc.).

Toxic. Heptane has a narcotic irritant. The fourth class of danger.

 

Physical properties of heptane:

Parameter name:	Value:
Color	without color
The smell	with a pungent odor
Aggregate state (at 20 °C and atmospheric pressure of 1 ATM.)	liquid
The density of n-heptane (at 20 °C and atmospheric pressure of 1 ATM.) kg/m3	683,8
The density of n-heptane (at 0 °C and atmospheric pressure of 1 ATM.) kg/m3	700,4
The melting point of n-heptane, °C	-90,61
The boiling point of n-heptane, °C	98,42
The ignition temperature of n-heptane, °C	223
The flash point of n-heptane, °C	-4
Critical temperature of n-heptane, °C	267,01
The critical pressure of n-heptane, MPa	Of 2.74
Explosive concentration of gas mixture n-heptane with air, % by volume	1.06-6,7
Specific heat of combustion of n-heptane, MJ/kg	45,105
Molar mass, g/mol	100,21

 

The physical properties of the isomers of heptane:

Name:	Boiling point:	Octane number:
heptane (n-heptane)	98,42 °C	0
2-methylhexan	90,05 °C	45
3-methylhexan	91,85 °C	65
2.2-dimethylpentan	Close of 79.20 °C	93
2,3-dimethylpentan	89,78 °C	89
2,4-dimethylpentan	80.50 °C	82
3.3 to dimethylpentan	86,06 °C	84
3-ethylpentane	93,48 °C	68
2,2,3-trimethylbutane	80,88 °C	106

 

Chemical properties of heptane:

Chemical properties of heptane are similar to properties of other representatives of a number of alkanes. So it is characterized by the same chemical reaction.

Cm. Chemical properties of butane.

 

The application and use of heptane:

N-heptane is used in the determination of the knock resistance of gasoline fuels. Its octane number is by definition equal to 0.

 

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