GOST 31450-2013 Milk drinking. Technical specifications (with Amendment)

GOST 31450-2013 Milk drinking. Technical specifications (with Amendment)

GOST 31450-2013

Group H17

 

 

INTERSTATE STANDARD

MILK DRINKING

Specifications

Drinking milk. Specifications

 

ISS 67.100.10

Date of introduction 2014-07-01

 


Preface

Goals, basic principles and main procedure of works on interstate standardization have been established in GOST 1.0-92 “interstate standardization system. Basic provisions” and GOST 1.2-2009 “interstate standardization system. Interstate standards, rules and recommendations on interstate standardization. Rules of development, adoption, application, renewal and cancellation”

 

Data on standard

1 DEVELOPED by the State scientific institution all-Russian research Institute of dairy industry, Russian Academy of agricultural Sciences (GNU VNIMI RAAS)

2 as AMENDED by the Federal Agency for technical regulation and Metrology (Rosstandart)

3 ACCEPTED by the Interstate Council for standardization, Metrology and certification (Protocol dated June 7, 2013 No. 43)

The adoption voted:

Short name of the country on MK (ISO 3166) 004-97 Country code MK (ISO 3166) 004-97 Abbreviated name of the national authority for standardization
Azerbaijan AZ Azstandart
Kazakhstan KZ Gosstandart Of The Republic Of Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan KG Kyrgyzstandard
Russia EN Rosstandart
Uzbekistan UZ Uzstandard

(Amendment. ICS N 7-2019).

4 by Order of the Federal Agency for technical regulation and Metrology of June 28, 2013 No. 268-St inter-state standard GOST 31450-2013 introduced as a national standard of the Russian Federation from July 1, 2014

5 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

6 this standard was developed based on the application of GOST R 52090-2003

 

Information about the changes to this standard is published in the annual reference index “National standards”, and the text changes and amendments – in monthly information index “National standards”. In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard a notification will be published in the monthly information index “National standards”. Relevant information, notification and lyrics are also posted in the information system of General use – on the official website of the Federal Agency for technical regulation and Metrology on the Internet

 

AMENDED, published in the IUS N 7, 2019.

 

1 Scope

This standard applies to packaged in consumer containers after heat treatment or heat-treated in the consumer packaging drinking milk (hereinafter – the product) made from raw cow’s milk and/or dairy products, and intended for direct use as food.

This standard does not apply to drinking enriched milk.

Requirements, ensuring the safety of the product, as set out in 5.1.4, 5.1.5, the quality requirements in 5.1.2, 5.1.3, labelling requirements in 5.3.

 

2 Normative references

This standard uses the regulatory references to the following international standards:

GOST 8.579-2002 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Requirements for the quantity of packaged goods in packages of any kind in their production, packaging, sale and import

GOST 2493-75 Reagents. Potassium phosphate disodium 3-water. Specifications

GOST 3622-68 Milk and dairy products. Sampling and preparation for testing

GOST 3623-73 Milk and dairy products. Methods for determination of pasteurization

GOST 3624-92 Milk and dairy products. Titrimetric methods for the determination of acidity

GOST 3625-84 Milk and dairy products. Methods for determining the density

GOST 4172-76 Reagents. Sodium disodium phosphate 12-water. Specifications

GOST 5538-78 Reagents. Potassium citrate 1 water. Specifications

GOST 5867-90 Milk and dairy products. Methods of fat determination

GOST 8218-89 Milk. The method of determining the purity

GOST 9225-84 Milk and dairy products. Methods of microbiological analysis

GOST 14192-96 Marking of cargo

GOST 15846-2002 Products that are sent to the far North regions and equated areas. Packing, marking, transportation and storage

GOST 22280-76 Reagents. Sodium citrate 5,5-water. Specifications

GOST 23452-72 Milk and dairy products. Methods of determination of residual quantities of organochlorine pesticides

GOST 23285-78 transportation Packages for food products and glass containers. Specifications

GOST 23327-98 Milk and dairy products. The method of measuring the mass fraction of total Kjeldahl nitrogen and determination of the mass fraction of protein

GOST 25228-82 Milk and cream. The method of determining the thermal stability of the sample for alcohol

GOST 25776-83 Products are boxed and in consumer packaging. Group packaging in shrink film

GOST 26663-85 transport Packs. Formation on flat pallets. General technical requirements

GOST 26754-85 Milk. Methods of temperature measurement

GOST 26809-86 Milk and dairy products. Rules of acceptance, methods of sampling and preparation of samples for analysis

GOST 28283-89 cow Milk. Method for sensory evaluation of smell and taste

GOST 26927-86 Raw materials and food products. Methods for determination of mercury

GOST 26932-86 Raw materials and food products. Methods for determination of lead

GOST 26933-86 Raw materials and food products. Methods for determination of cadmium

GOST 30178-96 Raw materials and food products. Atomic absorption method for the determination of toxic elements

GOST 30347-97 Milk and dairy products. Methods for determination of Staphylococcus aureus

GOST 30519-97 food. Method of detecting bacteria of the genus Salmonella

GOST 30538-97 food. Method of determination of toxic elements by atomic-emission

GOST 30711-2001 food. Methods for detection and determination of aflatoxins B1 and M1

GOST 31449-2013 cow Milk raw. Specifications

Note – When using this standard appropriate to test the effect of reference standards in the information system of General use – on the official website of the Federal Agency for technical regulation and Metrology on the Internet or in the annual information index “National standards” published as on January 1 of the current year, and the editions of the monthly information index “National standards” for the current year. If the reference standard is replaced (amended), then the use of this standard should be guided by replacing (amended) standard. If the reference standard is cancelled without replacement, then the situation in which the given link applies to the extent that does not affect this link.

 

3 Terms and definitions

This standard applies the following term with the appropriate definition:

3.1 drinking milk: Milk product with fat mass fraction of less than 10%, subjected to a heat treatment, at least pasteurization, without the addition of dry dairy products and water, packaged in consumer packaging.

 

4 Classification

4.1 Product depending on raw milk produce:

from whole milk;

– normalized milk;

– skim milk.

4.2 Product 4.1, depending on the mode of heat treatment are divided as follows:

on pasteurized;

– melted;

– sterilized;

– ultrapasteurization.

 

5 Technical requirements

5.1 Key indicators and characteristics

5.1.1 the Product manufacture in accordance with the requirements of [1] of this standard on technological instructions, compliance with the hygienic requirements of the dairy industry, operating in the territory of a state which has accepted the standard.

5.1.2 According to the organoleptic characteristics the product shall meet the requirements of table 1.

Table 1

Name of the indicator Feature
Appearance Opaque liquid. For products with fat mass fraction of more than 4.7%, the slight suck of fat, vanishing with stirring
Consistency Liquid, homogeneous nyahuka, slightly viscous. Without protein flakes and tangled lumps of fat
Taste and smell Typical for milk, without foreign tastes and odors, with just a hint of boiling. For baked and sterilized milk pronounced flavor of boiling. Allowed sweet taste
Color White, allowed with a bluish tinge for skim milk, light cream for sterilized milk, creamy color to baked

5.1.3 physical-chemical parameters the product must conform to the standards specified in table 2.

Table 2

Name of the indicator The value of the index for a product with a mass fraction of fat, %, not less
fat-free, less than 0.5 0,5; 1,0 1,2; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5 2,7; 2,8; 3,0; 3,2; 3,5; 4,0; 4,5 4,7; 5,0; 5,5; 6,0; 6,5; 7,0; 7,2; 7,5; 8,0; 8,5; 9,0; 9,5
Density, kg/m3, not less 1030 1029 1028 1027 1024
Mass fraction of protein, %, not less 3,0
Acidity, °T, not more 21 20
Mass fraction dry skim milk solids (SNF), %, not less 8,2
Phosphatase or peroxidase (for pasteurized, ghee and UHT product, without aseptic bottling) Not allowed
Group of purity, not less I
The temperature of the product at issue with the enterprise, °C:
– pasteurized and ghee, UHT (without aseptic bottling); 4±2
– UHT (with aseptic bottling) and sterilized From 2 to 25 incl.
Note – For a product made from whole milk, mass fraction of fat in the technological set of the user in the form of a range of actual values (i.e.,“….to….”, %).

5.1.4 Allowable levels of content of potentially hazardous substances (toxic elements, mycotoxins, dioxins, melamine, antibiotics, pesticides, radionuclides) in the product shall not exceed the requirements [1].

5.1.5 the Permissible content of microorganisms (QMAFAnM, coliforms, pathogenic microorganisms, including Salmonella, staphylococci, S. aureus Listeria L. monocytogenes) in pasteurized melted and ultrapasteurization without aseptic bottling of the products shall not exceed the requirements [1].

5.1.6 Sterilized and both UHT and ESL products with aseptic filling products must meet the requirements of industrial sterility established [1].

5.2 Requirements for raw materials

5.2.1 For the manufacture of melted and pasteurized product used:

– the raw cow milk according to GOST 31449 and normative and technical documents operating in the territory of States that have adopted the standard;

– skimmed milk – raw materials on the normative and technical documents operating in the territory of States that have adopted the standard;

cream – the raw material for the normative and technical documents operating in the territory of States that have adopted the standard;

the buttermilk obtained when producing butter oil by normative and technical documents operating in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

5.2.2 For the manufacture of sterilized and UHT product used:

– the raw cow milk according to GOST 31449 and normative and technical documents operating in the territory of States that have adopted the standard, acidity not more than 18,0 °T, with the content of somatic cells is not more than 500 thousand/cm3, temperature resistance sample for alcohol is not below the third group according to GOST 25228;

– skimmed milk – raw materials on the normative and technical documents operating in the territory of States that have adopted the standard;

cream – the raw material for the normative and technical documents operating in the territory of States that have adopted the standard;

– buttermilk obtained in the manufacture of sweet cream butter on the manufacturer of the product, regulatory and technical instruments in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard, the acidity of not more than 17 °T.

For sterilized and UHT product is allowed to use salt-stabilizers:

– sodium citrate 5,5-water according to GOST 22280;

– potassium citrate translesanas 1-water according to GOST 5538;

– potassium phosphate disodium 3-water according to GOST 2493;

– sodium of disodium phosphate 12-water according to GOST 4172.

5.2.3 Raw materials used to manufacture the product safety indicators must meet the requirements [1].

5.2.4 allowed the use of similar domestic raw materials and other production are not inferior in terms of quality and safety specified in 5.2.1-5.2.3.

5.3 Marking

5.3.1 Marking of consumer packaging is carried out in accordance with [2] with the following clarification:

– for a product made from whole milk, it is allowed to specify the mass fraction of fat in the range of “From … to …”, in percent, with additional clearly visible marking for each batch of concrete values of the mass fraction of fat in any convenient way;

– for the fat-free product is allowed to specify the mass fraction of fat;

– for a product made from whole milk, it is allowed to enter the food and energy value in the range “From …to …” in percentage or grams, and joules or calories (or a multiple or decimal fraction in units of the specified values), respectively.

5.3.2 Marking of group packaging, reusable and transport packaging transport package in accordance with [2] with application of manipulation signs and warning labels: “Keep away from sunlight” and “a Limit temperature” indicating the minimum and maximum values of temperature according to GOST 14192, normative and technical documents operating in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

5.3.3 When a transparent polymer banding material marking on the lateral surface of group packaging, transport packaging and overpack is not allowed to apply. The marking in this case serve as visible labels on the consumer packaging or group packaging, or a shipping container, supplemented with information on number of pieces and gross weight. Obscuration labels, including handling marks, applied to the leaves-ear or represent in any other way.

5.4 Packaging

5.4.1 Packaging and materials used for packing and sealing product needs to meet the requirements of [3], of the documents under which they are made, and to ensure the preservation of the quality and safety of products during transportation, storage and implementation.

5.4.2 the Formation of a group package in accordance with GOST 25776.

5.4.3 Transport packets formed according to GOST 23285 and GOST 26663.

5.4.4 Stacking of the transport package is carried out so that the markings are visible not less than one unit of consumer packaging and/or group packaging and/or transport containers and/or reusable packaging on each side of the transport package.

Stacking of the transport package is carried out in a manner ensuring the safety of the lower ranks of the consumer package and/or group packaging and/or transport containers and/or reusable packaging without deformation.

Packaging product to be sent to the far North and equivalent areas, carried out according to GOST 15846.

5.4.5 Permissible negative deviation to net content of the nominal in accordance with GOST 8.579.

 

6 acceptance Rules

6.1 Rules of acceptance GOST 26809 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

6.2 the Product is controlled in terms of quality and safety referred to in section 5, in accordance with the production control program approved in the prescribed manner.

 

7 control Methods

7.1 Selection and preparation of samples for analysis – according to GOST 26809 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.2 defining the appearance, texture, colour and characterize carried out organoleptically in accordance with the requirements of 5.1.2.

7.3 Determination of taste and smell – according to GOST 28283 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.4 Determination of volume or weight – according to GOST 3622, temperature of the product at issue with the company – according to GOST 26754 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.5 determination of the mass fraction of fat – according to GOST 5867 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.6 determination of the mass fraction of protein – according to GOST 23327 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.7 determination of the mass fraction of SOMO carried out by calculation on the basis of a mass fraction of solids and grease or according to the normative documents in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard. Determination of the mass fraction of dry substances – according to GOST 3626 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.8 Determination of purity by GOST 8218 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.9 Determination of density GOST 3625 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.10 Determination of titratable acidity – according to GOST 3624 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.11 the Definition of performance indicators of heat treatment:

– pasteurization (test for phosphatase or peroxidase) – according to GOST 3623 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard;

– sterilization, UHT treatment (with aseptic bottling) (compliance with the requirements of industrial sterility) – according to the normative documents in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.12 Determination of toxic elements:

– lead – GOST 26932 and GOST 30178, GOST 30538 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard;

– arsenic – GOST 30538 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard;

– cadmium – GOST 26933, GOST 30178, GOST 30538 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard;

– mercury – GOST 26927 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.13 the Definition of pesticides – according to GOST 23452 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.14 Determination of mycotoxins (aflatoxin M1) – according to GOST 30711 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.15 Determination of antibiotics – according to the normative documents in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.16 Determination of radionuclides to the regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.17 the Definition of GMO, melamine, dioxins (in the case of reasonable assumptions about their possible presence) – according to the normative documents in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

7.18 the Definition of microbiological parameters:

Kmafanm, CGB (coliforms) – according to GOST 9225 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard;

– S. aureus – according to GOST 30347 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard;

pathogenic microorganisms, including Salmonella – according to GOST 30519 and regulations in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard;

– L. monocytogenes Listeria – according to the normative documents in force in the territory of States that have adopted the standard.

 

8 Transportation and storage

8.1 Product transporterowych specialized means of transport in accordance with the rules of transportation of perishables by this mode of transport.

8.2 Transportation and storage product is shipped to the far North regions and equated areas according to GOST 15846.

8.3 the Product is pasteurized, clarified, ultrapasteurized (without aseptic bottling) stored at temperature (4±2) °C.

The product is sterilized and ultrapasteurization (with aseptic bottling) stored at 2 °C to 25 °C.

The shelf life of the product since the end of the technological process establishes the manufacturer subject to the requirements of normative legal acts in the field of food safety.

 

Bibliography

[1] Technical regulations of the Customs Union TR TC 021/2011 “On food safety”
[2] Technical regulations of the Customs Union TR CU 022/2011 “Food products regarding its marking”
[3] Technical regulations of the Customs Union TR CU 005/2011 “On safety of packaging”