Gadolinium, the properties of atoms, chemical and physical properties.
Gd 64 Gadolinium
157,25(3) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f7 5s2 5p6 5d1 6s2
Gadolinium — element of the periodic system of chemical elements D. I. Mendeleev, with atomic number 64. Located in the 3rd group (old classification — side subgroup of the third group), the sixth period of the periodic system. Belongs to the group of lanthanides.
General information
Properties of an atom
Chemical properties
Physical properties
Table of chemical elements of D. I. Mendeleev
General information
Name
Gadolinium/ Gadolinium
Symbol
Gd
Room at the table
64
Type
Metal
Open
Jean de Marignac, Switzerland, 1880
Appearance, etc.
A soft ductile metal with a silvery-white color
The contents in the earth’s crust
0,00052 %
The contents in the ocean
Of 7.0×10-11 %
Properties of an atom
The atomic mass (molar mass)
157,25(3) and. E. M. (g/mol)
Electronic configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f7 5s2 5p6 5d1 6s2
The radius of the atom
179 PM
Chemical properties
Oxidation
+3
Valence
+3
Covalent radius
161 PM
The radius of the ion
(+3e) 93,8 PM
Electronegativity
1,2 (scale Pauling)
Energy of ionization (the first electron)
594,2 kJ/mol (of 6.16 eV)
Electrode potential
-2,28 In
Physical properties
Density (under normal conditions)
7.9 g/cm3
Melting point
1313 °C (1586 K)
Boiling point
3266°C (3539 K)
UD. the heat of fusion
10,0 kJ/mol
UD. heat of evaporation
398 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity
Of 37.1 j/(K·mol)
Molar volume
19,9 cm3/mol
The thermal conductivity (at 300 K)
10.5 W/(m·K)
The electrical conductivity in the solid phase
0,77х106 Cm/m
Superconductivity at a temperature of
Hardness
570 MPa Vickers
The lattice structure
hexagonal
The lattice parameters
a = 3,636 Å, c = Å 5,783
The ratio c /a
1,590
Debye Temperature
Table of chemical elements of D. I. Mendeleev