Calcium oxide, characteristics, properties and production, chemical reactions

Calcium oxide, characteristics, properties and production, and chemical reactions.

 

 

Calcium oxide is an inorganic substance and has chemical formula CaO.

 

Brief description of the calcium oxide

Physical properties of calcium oxide

Obtaining calcium oxide

Chemical properties of calcium oxide

Chemical reaction of calcium oxide

The application and use of calcium oxide

 


Brief description of the calcium oxide:

Calcium oxide is an inorganic substance white or colorless in color.

Because the valence of calcium is two, then the calcium oxide contains one atom of oxygen and one atom of calcium.

Chemical formula of calcium oxide CaO.

Insoluble in water and reacts with it.

Calcium oxide refers to highly toxic substances. Hazard class 2. Is a corrosive substance, especially hazardous when mixed with water.

 

Physical properties of calcium oxide:

Parameter name: Value:
Chemical formula CaO
Synonyms and foreign language names calcium oxide (eng.)
slaked lime (Rus.)
calcium oxide (Rus.)
The type of substance. inorganic
Appearance Colorless, white cubic crystals
Color colorless, white
Taste —*
The smell
Aggregate state (at 20 °C and atmospheric pressure of 1 ATM.) solid
Density (state of matter – solid, at 20 °C), kg/m3 3370
Density (state of matter – solid, at 20 °C) g/cm3 3,37
Boiling point, °C 2850
Melting point, °C 2570
Molar mass, g/mol 56,077

* Note:

— no data.

 

Obtaining calcium oxide:

Calcium oxide is obtained by the following chemical reactions:

1. by thermal decomposition of limestone:

Са2СО3 → Cao + CO2 (t = 900-1200 oC).

It is an industrial method of producing calcium oxide. Technologically, the process industry carry out in special shaft furnaces.

2. by burning calcium in air:

2ca + O2 → 2СаО (t = 300 oC).

3. by the thermal decomposition of calcium hydroxide:

CA(OH)2 → Cao + H2O (t = 520-580 oC).

4. by the thermal decomposition of calcium nitrate:

2ca(NO3)2 → 2СаО + 4NO2 + O2 (t = 450-500 oC).

 

Chemical properties of calcium oxide. Chemical reaction of calcium oxide:

Calcium oxide refers to the main oxides.

Chemical properties of calcium oxide are similar to the properties of the basic oxides of other metals. So it is characterized by the following chemical reactions:

1. the reaction of calcium oxide with chlorine:

2CaO + 2Cl2 → 2CaCl2 + O2 (t = 700 oC).

The reaction produces calcium chloride and oxygen.

2. the reaction of calcium oxide with silicon:

2CaO + 5Si → 2CaSi2 + SiO2 (t = 1300 oC).

The reaction forms a silicide of calcium and an oxide of silicon.

3. the reaction of calcium oxide with carbon:

CaO + 3C → CaC2 + CO (t = 1900-1950 oC);

2CaO + 5C → 2CaC2 + CO2 (t = 700 oC).

The reaction produced calcium carbide and oxide of carbon.

4. the reaction of calcium oxide with aluminum:

4СаО + 2Al → 2Ca + Ca(AlO2)2 (t = 1200 oC);

2Al + 6CaO → 3CaO•Al2O3 + 3Ca (to);
2Al + 6CaO → Ca3Al2O6 + 3Ca (to).

The reaction formed a calcium respectively calcium aluminate, aluminum oxide-calcium aluminate and tricalcium.

5. the reaction of calcium oxide with water:

CaO + H2O → Ca(Oh)2.

Calcium oxide reacts with water, forming calcium hydroxide. The process is called “liming”. A chemical reaction occurs with the release of energy (heat).

6. the reaction of calcium oxide with the oxide of carbon (carbonic acid gas):

CaO + CO2 → CaCO3.

Calcium oxide reacts with carbon dioxide (which is acidic oxide), forming a salt such as calcium carbonate.

7. the reaction of calcium oxide with the oxide of sulfur:

CaO + SO2 → СаЅО3;

CaO + ЅО3 → СаЅО4.

Oxide of sulphur is also acidic oxide. The reaction produced a salt, respectively – in the first case, calcium sulfite, in the second case the calcium sulfate.

8. the reaction of calcium oxide with silicon oxide:

CaO + SiO2 → СаЅіО3 (t = 1100-1200 oC).

The oxide of silicon is also acidic oxide. The reaction forms a salt with calcium silicate.

9. the reaction of calcium oxide with the oxide of phosphorus:

CaO + P2O5 → Ca(PO3)2;

3CaO + P2O5 → Ca3(PO4)2 (to);

2CaO + P2O5 → Ca2P2O7.

Phosphorus oxide is also acidic oxide. The reaction produced a salt, respectively: calcium metaphosphate, calcium phosphate and calcium diphosphate.

Similar are the reactions of calcium oxide and other acidic oxides.

10. the reaction of calcium oxide with aluminum oxide:

CaO + Al2O3 → Ca(AlО2)2 (t = 1200-1300 °C).

Aluminium oxide is an amphoteric oxide. This means that as the amphoteric oxide, aluminium oxide exhibits the properties of both acidic and basic compounds. In the reaction, the formed salt is calcium aluminate.

11. the reaction of calcium oxide with the oxide of manganese:

CaO + MnO2 → CaMnO3 (t°);

Mn2O3 + CaO → CaMn2O4 (t = 900 °C).

Aluminium oxide is an amphoteric oxide. This means that as the amphoteric oxide, aluminium oxide exhibits the properties of both acidic and basic compounds. The reaction produced respectively: Sol – manganite of calcium or manganese oxide-calcium.

Similar are the reactions of calcium oxide and other amphoteric oxides.

12. the reaction of calcium oxide with the oxide of lead:

CaO + 2PbO2 → Сa2PbО4 (t o).

The reaction produced a salt – plummet of calcium. The reaction proceeds with fusion of the reaction mixture.

Similar are the reactions of calcium oxide with other oxides.

13. the reaction of calcium oxide with di tetroxidenitrogen:

CaO + 2N2О4 → N2O3 + CA(NO3)2 (t = 250 °C).

The reaction takes place in liquid dinitrogen tetroxide. In the reaction, the formed oxide of nitrogen (III) and salt is calcium nitrate.

14. the reaction of calcium oxide with hydrofluoric acid:

CaO + 2HF → CaF2 + H2O.

As a result of chemical reactions obtained salt – calcium fluoride and water.

15. the reaction of calcium oxide with nitric acid:

CaO + 2HNO3 → 2ca(NO3)2 + H2O.

As a result of chemical reaction is obtained the salt of calcium nitrate and water.

Similar are the reactions of calcium oxide and other acids.

16. the reaction of calcium oxide with methyl hydrogen (bromoiodide):

CaO + 2HBr → СаВг2 + H2O.

As a result of chemical reaction it turns out salt is calcium bromide and water.

17. the reaction of calcium oxide with yodovidona:

CaO + 2HI → СаІ2 + H2O.

As a result of chemical reactions obtained salt – calcium iodide and water.

 

Application and usage of calcium oxide:

Calcium oxide is used in the production of building materials, as a food additive E-529.

 

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